Monophony in music refers to a texture in which a single melody line is played or sung by one or more performers. In monophonic music, there is only one line of melody without any accompanying harmony or counterpoint.

This can be found in many different styles of music, such as Gregorian chant, folk music, and early music from the Middle Ages and Renaissance. In these styles, the focus is on the melody itself rather than on the interplay between multiple voices or instruments.

Monophonic textures can also be used as a compositional technique in more modern styles of music, such as pop or hip-hop, to create a sense of simplicity or focus on the lyrics.

In contrast to monophony, polyphony refers to a texture in which two or more independent melodies are played or sung simultaneously. Homophony, on the other hand, refers to a texture in which a single melody is supported by a harmonic accompaniment, such as in most Western popular music.